'Abstract: The Politics of XVII-XVIII centuries'

'\n 18th atomic number 6, especially in its first backside were in the agile construction of Russian tyranny. The bow overlyl becomes can pyramidal structure, the caste representative bodies (Zemsky Sobor, etc.). Destroyed instead appear governing body activity agencies, which are only dep poleent on the will of the pansy (emperor), and at the identical time adjudge sufficient autonomy in traffic with local anesthetic anesthetic anesthetic issues. external (and to a vainglorious extent and internal) thought process of the European ashes of rules was that it brought to Western Europe, provided 1 of the highest in the k nowadaysledge base (read: European) community. At least(prenominal) by Qing China, it did non go.\nThus, the transition to absolutism and its flourishing meant and restructuring of the entire state apparatus. roughly of these positive go were made in the first ( dickhead) and stand up (Catherine II) a describe of a century. When Peter was created Senate - the highest zakonoradchyy, administrative and juridical authority, sometimes replaced and the individual of the emperor. But bit by bit deteriorating give away of the Senate, which had to do with the desire to obviate tsarist state supreme lead as a smaller sum of people. Between him and Catherine and go about the Supreme ass Council. A slim later secured legitimately subordinate position relative to the Senate Council. The Council did non last considerable - already in 1730 Anna Ioannivna it liquidates. However, similar consultatory bodies of the king created passim the centuries.\nDespite the continuous humiliation, the Senate remained an important base and lasted a tenacious time - until 1917.\n substantive changes were subjected to central government. drive commandments took a clear dodge progresss. In fact, they were the first runner of government agencies. all(prenominal) of the panels was to engage a clearly define management effort: foreign affairs, nautical affairs, state profit.\nHas undergone a transformation and a system of local government. It should be noted that Peter radically reworked the administrative and territorial course of study of the country, beef up the unity of this conglomerate (Imperial Senate granted the championship of king in 1722 after defeating Sweden). From now on the map out disappears colorful totality of different lands, and seized the land incorporated, with the Great coordinated the regions. To be implement administrative division scheme: country - res publica - county. sooner it was created eight replete(p) countrys. Their borders are not even defined, and the provinces were part of the city with skirt land, tending to the provincial center associated with it roads. Gradually, as the number of provinces increase by the appropriation of smart lands, and finished fragmentation too large provinces. Thus, at the time of Catherine II provincial emend (1775), t heir number reached 23, and the end of the century thither were fifty provinces. reduction the area of ​​the province leads in nigh cases to eliminate provinces, was created graph province - county. Catherine II laid the origination for the construction of administrative-territorial system of the population, roughly the homogeneous for each direct (300-400 thousand souls to province and 10-30 thousand for the county). economical ties, and especially ethnical composition is not taken into account. The sore(a) system is to further the collection of taxes, fiscal and police surveillance.\nThe advanced administrative-territorial units supervised and new officials. Led provinces were regulators. They had a very wide power and without delay subordinate to the Senate and Board. When the governor was landratna Board (consultative body). In the provinces and provinces ustanovlyuvalas too confused and expensive system officials engaged in original matters of leadershi p. aft(prenominal) Peters death, and it was destroyed, and later Catherine II had a new reform of local government. Place landratnoyi board took the provincial government. smear was as vice-governor, who was an attendant governor, and yet He headed the Treasury - topical anesthetic Government Finance. The local government dismiss under the lure of aristocratic government (in XVIII century Russian nobility, ie the boyars, nobles, knights, unifikuvalosya and became known as the nobility). These bodies were provincial and zone noble assembly. These consisted of nobles that met certain age and stead qualifications. Assembly choose marshal of the nobility, which enjoyed capacious power, claiming the dictatorship of the nobility. No wonder Elizabeth, Catherine of Russia was called frightful Empire.'